Planning permissions for solar panels in the UK

There are three types of permissions homeowners need to be aware of before installing solar panels that are sometimes grouped under the term “permissions for solar panels”:

Firstly, solar panel installations need to comply with building regulations. The most important requirements are on the structural and electrical safety, to certify that the roof can handle the weight of the solar panels and that a building’s electrical system is safe. Typically, installers who are part of the Competent Persons Scheme handle compliance with these building regulations.

Secondly, any new solar and/or battery installation with a grid connection needs to be approved by the local distribution network operator (DNO) to ensure it doesn’t cause any overloading or disruption to the grid. Depending on the inverter size you need a G98 or G99 permission, which we explain in detail in our guide on G98 and G99 applications.

Thirdly, homeowners need to check if they need the local authority’s planning permission for their solar installation. Luckily, planning permission is not needed to install solar panels on most properties, as they are usually considered a permitted development. This allows homeowners to install solar panels without asking their local planning authority for permission, given that their installation fulfils specific requirements.

When are solar panels considered a permitted development?

Installing rooftop solar panels falls under the permitted development, as long as the property is not a listed building or located in a conservation area and complies with the following requirements:

Permissions for solar panels on a pitched roof

Installing solar panels on a pitched roof usually falls under permitted development, meaning no planning permission is required, provided certain conditions are met. The panels must not protrude more than 0.2 metres from the roof surface and cannot exceed the highest part of the roof (excluding the chimney). This ensures the installation blends well with the property’s structure and minimises visual impact.

Permissions for solar panels on a flat roof

For flat roof installations, solar panels are also generally considered permitted development if the panels don’t protrude more than 0.6 metres above the roof surface and they don’t exceed the highest part of the building by more than 0.6m. These restrictions are different to the pitched roof’s, as the flat roof installations often involve mounting systems to angle the panels effectively.

Accredited and MCS-certified solar installers will ensure your installation meets technical and safety standards. They can also advise on planning requirements, but it’s ultimately the homeowner’s responsibility to confirm whether planning permission is needed.

When do I need planning permission for solar panels?

Typically, solar panels require planning permission 1) if your property is listed or 2) located in a conservation area, or 3) if the installation is ground-mounted as well as when it deviates from the requirements for permitted developments.

1) Solar panels at listed buildings

You need Listed Building Consent before installing solar panels at a listed property, independent of where and how it is installed. Therefore, we recommend checking if your building is listed in the UK's building directory and getting in touch with the local planning office if required.

To increase the chances of your application being accepted (1) contact your local authority early and use their guidance for planning the project and (2) ensure your solar panel installation doesn’t materially change the appearance of the building, lead to structural damage, or become irreversible.

2) Solar panels in a conservation area

You need planning permission for solar panels if your home is located in a conservation area or a World Heritage Site and the panels are visible from the highway or are closer to the highway than your house. The definition of a highway includes roads and paths.

There are approximately 2.5mn properties inside conservation areas in the UK. You can find out if yours is through the government’s websites for England, Scotland and Wales.

For panels that are not visible from the highway, you will most likely not need planning permissions. However, we recommend checking with your local authorities if planning permissions are needed.

3) Ground-mounted solar panels

Unlike rooftop solar panels, ground-mounted solar installations often require planning permission. You need to seek permission if any of the following criteria apply:

• Second installation: If this is your second ground-mounted solar system on the property.
• Size: If the solar array is larger than 9 square metres (e.g., 3m x 3m).
• Height: If any part of the installation is taller than 4 metres from the ground.
• Proximity to boundaries: If the installation is located within 5 metres of the property’s boundary.
• Visibility: If the equipment is installed close to a highway or is likely to be visible from it.

Should any of the above scenarios apply to your property or solar installation, you’re probably asking yourself how you can get a planning permission.

How do I get planning consent for a solar installation?

Getting planning permission for a solar installation involves following a general process, however the specific requirements and timelines can vary by local planning authority:

1) Contact your local planning authority: Start by identifying your planning authority through the Planning Portal. They will outline the requirements and guidelines specific to your area and project.

2) Prepare the necessary documentation: This usually includes site drawings, photographs, and details about the installation’s size, position, and impact on the surrounding environment. If you would like support, you can contact your authority or alternatively an external consultant to help prepare your application. However, both will charge additional fees for supporting with your application.

3) Submit your application: Most planning authorities allow applications to be submitted online via their planning portals. They may charge an additional application fee.

4) Wait for approval: Once submitted, the planning authority will review your application. The processing times vary but typically take 8-12 weeks.

If your planning application is rejected, or you would like to avoid the hassle of applying for one, you can explore alternatives such as installing a standalone battery. This option can help your household benefit from cheaper and cleaner electricity, without needing planning permission.

We at Capture Energy support homeowners across the UK with installing batteries and solar panels. Get in touch to clarify any questions or request a quote.